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Photovoltaic generation has, for many years, remained cost prohibitive for most people, given that the cost per generated Watt is now, on average, $4.82 in the U.S according to http://www.solarbuzz.com/ModulePrices.htm. There have, however, been most exciting developments in PV technology recently from Konarka, http://www.konarka.com, that produce photovoltaic elements on a printing press, using multiple colored inks on rolls of plastic that not only convert much more of the light spectrum, but do so at a much lower cost. In prototypical runs, cost per Watt is approximately $1.00, with costs in full scale production to drop below $0.50, according to information available on the Web. Fuji, in cooperation with Konarka, have developed an ink-jet printer that accomplishes the process most effectively. http://www.pv-tech.org/r_and_d/article/konarka_reveals_inkjet_thin_...
They have sized substrate that fits between the ridges on commonly available steel roofing, making it practical to make one's entire roof a photovoltaic array, at a cost acceptable to the average homeowner. Such an array would provide a substantial surplus of electrical power for most any homeowner, and is very close to production.
It is often thought that PV is only effective where the sun shines brightly, such as in Arizona and other desert states, but that is not the case. PV is not dependent upon heat but light in the form of photons. Even on a cloudy day, light sufficient to generate substantial electricity is available and, with low cost per generated Watt, the entire roof of one's home can be used.
Low-cost Photovoltaic generation is the key to our transition from fossil fuel to distributed generation of hydrogen for most needs. Prior to the work of Konarka, in conjunction with NREL, this solution was always just out of reach, but now appears to be so very close to reality, say within the next 24 months.
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